Evidence Brief - Benefits and Harms of Long-term Opioid Dose Reduction or Discontinuation in Patients with Chronic Pain Enter search terms Button to search HSRD ® Inside VA Budget and Performance Inside the News Room National Observances Special Events » » » » » Evidence Brief: Benefits and Harms of Long-term Opioid Dose Reduction or Discontinuation in Patients with Chronic Pain Health Services Research & Development Evidence Brief: Benefits and Harms of Long-term Opioid Dose Reduction (...) or Discontinuation in Patients with Chronic Pain to the ESP Report RSS feed Prepared by: Evidence Synthesis Program (ESP) Coordinating Center Portland VA Health Care System Portland, OR Mark Helfand, MD, MPH, MS, Director Recommended Citation: Mackey K, Anderson J, Bourne D, Chen E, Peterson K. Evidence Brief: Benefits and Harms of Long-term Opioid Dose Reduction or Discontinuation in Patients with Chronic Pain. Washington, DC: Evidence Synthesis Program, Health Services Research and Development Service, Office

Evidence Brief - Managing Acute Pain in Patients with Opioid Use Disorder on Medication-assisted Treatment Enter search terms Button to search HSRD ® Inside VA Budget and Performance Inside the News Room National Observances Special Events » » » » » Evidence Brief: Managing Acute Pain in Patients with Opioid Use Disorder on Medication-assisted Treatment Health Services Research & Development Evidence Brief: Managing Acute Pain in Patients with Opioid Use Disorder on Medication-assisted (...) Treatment to the ESP Report RSS feed Prepared by: Evidence Synthesis Program (ESP) Coordinating Center Portland VA Health Care System Portland, OR Mark Helfand, MD, MPH, MS, Director Recommended Citation: Veazie S, Mackey K, Bourne D, Peterson K. Evidence Brief: Managing Acute Pain in Patients with Opioid Use Disorder on Medication-Assisted Treatment. Washington, DC: Evidence Synthesis Program, Health Services Research and Development Service, Office of Research and Development, Department of Veterans

Interventions for treating neuropathic pain in people with sickle cell disease. Pain is the hallmark of sickle cell disease (SCD) and it can be severe, frequent and unpredictable. Although nociceptive pain is more common, at times, people with SCD may have neuropathic pain. The latter can occur due to peripheral or central nerve injury. This review is focused on identifying treatment of only painful sensory neuropathy in people with SCD.To determine the effectiveness and safety of any (...) pharmacological or non-pharmacological therapies for treating neuropathic pain in people with SCD.We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group's Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books. We also searched trial registries, the reference lists of relevant articles and reviews and contacted experts in the field.Date of last search: 31 January 2019.Randomised controlled trials (RCTs

Effect of Tanezumab on Joint Pain, Physical Function, and Patient Global Assessment of Osteoarthritis Among Patients With Osteoarthritis of the Hip or Knee: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) may remain symptomatic with traditional OA treatments.To assess 2 subcutaneous tanezumab dosing regimens for OA.A randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial from January 2016 to May 14, 2018 (last patient visit). Patients enrolled were 18 years or older with hip or knee OA (...) , inadequate response to OA analgesics, and no radiographic evidence of prespecified joint safety conditions.Patients received by subcutaneous administration either tanezumab, 2.5 mg, at day 1 and week 8 (n = 231); tanezumab, 2.5 mg at day 1 and 5 mg at week 8 (ie, tanezumab, 2.5/5 mg; n = 233); or placebo at day 1 and week 8 (n = 232).Co-primary end points were change from baseline to week 16 in Western Ontario and McMasters Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Pain (0-10, no to extreme pain), WOMAC

Desmopressin/indomethacin combination efficacy and safety in renal colic pain management: A randomized placebo controlled trial Renal colic is a prevalent cause of abdominal pain in the emergency department. Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids are used for the treatment of renal colic, some adverse effects have been reported. Therefore, desmopressin -a synthetic analogue of vasopressin- has been proposed as another treatment choice. In the present study, indomethacin (...) in combination with nasal desmopressin was compared with indomethacin alone in the management of renal colic.Included in the study were 124 patients with initial diagnosis of renal colic and randomized to receive indomethacin suppository (100 mg) with either desmopressin intranasal spray (4 puffs, total dose of 40 micrograms) and or placebo intranasal spray.All the included patients were finally diagnosed with renal colic. There was no difference between the two groups in pain at the baseline (p = 0.4

Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) is the short-term drug of choice for orthodontic pain UTCAT3387, Found CAT view, CRITICALLY APPRAISED TOPICs University: | | ORAL HEALTH EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROGRAM View the CAT / Title Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) is the short-term drug of choice for orthodontic pain. Clinical Question In patients experiencing pain from orthodontic tooth movement, what is the drug of choice to relieve pain without the inhibition of orthodontic tooth movement? Clinical Bottom Line (...) Acetaminophen is comparable to systemic NSAIDs in terms of relieving orthodontic pain without the side effects of NSAIDs that could inhibit orthodontic tooth movement. Best Evidence (you may view more info by clicking on the PubMed ID link) PubMed ID Author / Year Patient Group Study type (level of evidence) #1) Fang et al/2016 128 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment Meta-Analysis Key results Throughout five different studies included, celecoxib, acetaminophen, and aspirin were used to determine

Fentanyl (Actiq and other brands) and other opioids: risk of increased pain Prescrire IN ENGLISH - Spotlight ''Fentanyl (Actiq° and other brands) and other opioids: risk of increased pain'', 1 July 2019 {1} {1} {1} | | > > > Fentanyl (Actiq° and other brands) and other opioids: risk of increased pain Spotlight Every month, the subjects in Prescrire’s Spotlight. 100 most recent :  |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  Spotlight (...) Fentanyl (Actiq° and other brands) and other opioids: risk of increased pain Paradoxically, fentanyl, like other opioids, can exacerbate the pain it is intended to relieve. In 2018, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) reported 16 cases of hyperalgesia (severe pain) in patients taking transmucosal fentanyl. Hyperalgesia is a known adverse effect of opioids. The key symptom is an increase in the intensity of pain felt, an increase associated with the effects of the opioid. It is difficult to distinguish

Can a brief psychological expectancy intervention improve postoperative pain? A randomized, controlled trial in patients with breast cancer Pain after surgery remains a major health problem, calling for optimized treatment regimens to maximize the efficacy of pharmacological interventions. In this randomized controlled trial, we tested in a routine surgical treatment setting whether postoperative pain can be reduced by a brief preoperative intervention, ie, positive verbal suggestions (...) in combination with sham acupuncture, designed to optimize treatment expectations. We hypothesized that the expectancy intervention as add-on to patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with morphine reduces patient-reported postoperative pain and improves satisfaction with analgesia. Ninety-six women undergoing breast cancer surgery were randomized at 2 stages: Before surgery, anesthesiologists delivered either positive or neutral verbal suggestions regarding the benefits of acupuncture needling

Automated Self-management (ASM) vs. ASM-Enhanced Collaborative Care for Chronic Pain and Mood Symptoms: the CAMMPS Randomized Clinical Trial Chronic musculoskeletal pain is often accompanied by depression or anxiety wherein co-occurring pain and mood symptoms can be more difficult to treat than either alone. However, few clinical trials have examined interventions that simultaneously target both pain and mood conditions.To determine the comparative effectiveness of automated self-management (...) (ASM) vs. ASM-enhanced collaborative care.Randomized clinical trial conducted in six primary care clinics in a VA medical center.Two hundred ninety-four patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain of at least moderate intensity and clinically significant depressive and/or anxiety symptoms.ASM consisted of automated monitoring and 9 web-based self-management modules. Comprehensive symptom management (CSM) combined ASM with collaborative care management by a nurse-physician team. Both interventions

Efficacy and safety of loxoprofen sodium topical patch for the treatment of pain in patients with minor acute traumatic limb injuries in Brazil: a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority trial Posttraumatic injury pain is commonly treated with oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs cause several adverse events, with topical formulations arising as an important alternative. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety (...) of loxoprofen patch (LX-P) in the treatment of patients with posttraumatic pain. This phase III, randomized, double-blind, noninferiority study enrolled Brazilian patients aged 18 to 65 years diagnosed with lower and upper limb posttraumatic injury who were experiencing moderate or severe pain. Patients were assigned to active LX-P or to loxoprofen tablet (LX-T), and pain intensity was measured based on a visual analog scale score variation after 7 days of treatment. Data on clinical symptoms, rescue

Paravertebral Dexmedetomidine in Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgeries for Acute and Chronic Pain Prevention Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is considered as one of the minimally invasive surgeries. Early postoperative pain alleviation is very important to avoid complications, at the same time, proper early pain control is an established fact to decrease the incidence of chronic pain.To evaluate the efficacy of thoracic paravertebral block (PVB) by a bupivacaine/ dexmedetomidine mixture (...) on acute and chronic post-thoracoscopic surgery pain in patients undergoing VATS.A randomized prospective double-blinded trial.Assiut University Hospitals, Orman Cardiology Hospital.Sixty adult patients underwent elective VATS surgery under general anesthesia randomly allocated into 2 groups; Group I received thoracic PVB with isobaric bupivacaine 0.5% (0.3 mL/kg) and Group II received PVB with isobaric bupivacaine 0.5% (0.3 mL/kg) and dexmedetomidine (1 mcg/kg). Postoperative pain (at rest, with cough

Virtual Reality for Pediatric Needle Procedural Pain: Two Randomized Clinical Trials To assess the efficacy and safety of a virtual reality distraction for needle pain in 2 common hospital settings: the emergency department (ED) and outpatient pathology (ie, outpatient laboratory). The control was standard of care (SOC) practice.In 2 clinical trials, we randomized children aged 4-11 years undergoing venous needle procedures to virtual reality or SOC at 2 tertiary Australian hospitals (...) . In the first study, we enrolled children in the ED requiring intravenous cannulation or venipuncture. In the second, we enrolled children in outpatient pathology requiring venipuncture. In the ED, 64 children were assigned to virtual reality and 59 to SOC. In pathology, 63 children were assigned to virtual reality and 68 to SOC; 2 children withdrew assent in the SOC arm, leaving 66. The primary endpoint was change from baseline pain between virtual reality and SOC on child-rated Faces Pain Scale-Revised.In

Intravenous lidocaine in the management of chronic peripheral neuropathic pain: a randomized-controlled trial Neuropathic pain, resulting from injury to the peripheral or central nervous system, is due to upregulation of aberrant sodium channels with neuronal hyperexcitability. Lidocaine blocks these channels and several studies show that intravenous (IV) lidocaine infusion provides significant relief in patients with chronic peripheral neuropathic pain in the short term (for up to six hours (...) ). Our objective was to determine if IV lidocaine provides significant pain relief and overall improvement in quality of life in the longer term (for up to four weeks).This single site randomized double-blind, crossover trial compared IV lidocaine infusion (5 mg·kg-1) with active placebo infusion containing diphenhydramine (50 mg) in patients with chronic neuropathic pain of peripheral nerve origin of at least six months duration. The primary outcome was average pain intensity reduction from IV

Combined ultrasound-guided Pecs II block and general anesthesia are effective for reducing pain from modified radical mastectomy Purpose: Combined regional and general anesthesia are often used for the management of breast cancer surgery. Thoracic spinal block, thoracic epidural block, thoracic paravertebral block, and multiple intercostal nerve blocks are the regional anesthesia techniques which have been used in breast surgery, but some anesthesiologists are not comfortable because (...) of the complication and side effects. In 2012, Blanco et al introduced pectoralis nerve (Pecs) II block or modified Pecs block as a novel approach to breast surgery. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of combined ultrasound-guided Pecs II block and general anesthesia for reducing intra- and postoperative pain from modified radical mastectomy. Patients and methods: Fifty patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy with general anesthesia were divided into two groups randomly (n=25), to either Pecs

Multicolumn spinal cord stimulation for predominant back pain in failed back surgery syndrome patients: a multicenter randomized controlled trial Despite optimal medical management (OMM), low back pain (LBP) can be disabling, particularly after spinal surgery. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is effective in reducing neuropathic leg pain; however, evidence is limited for LBP. This prospective, open-label, parallel-group trial randomized (1:1) failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) patients (...) with predominant LBP to SCS plus OMM (SCS group) or OMM alone (OMM group) at 28 sites in Europe and the Americas. If trial stimulation was successful, a multicolumn SCS system was implanted. Outcomes were assessed at baseline (before randomization) and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after randomization. Patients could change treatment groups at 6 months. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with ≥50% reduction in LBP (responder) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included change in pain intensity

Prolonged Perioperative Use of Pregabalin and Ketamine to Prevent Persistent Pain after Cardiac Surgery Persistent postsurgical pain is common and affects quality of life. The hypothesis was that use of pregabalin and ketamine would prevent persistent pain after cardiac surgery.This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was undertaken at two cardiac surgery centers in the United Kingdom. Adults without chronic pain and undergoing any elective cardiac surgery patients via sternotomy (...) were randomly assigned to receive either usual care, pregabalin (150 mg preoperatively and twice daily for 14 postoperative days) alone, or pregabalin in combination with a 48-h postoperative infusion of intravenous ketamine at 0.1 mg · kg · h. The primary endpoints were prevalence of clinically significant pain at 3 and 6 months after surgery, defined as a pain score on the numeric rating scale of 4 or higher (out of 10) after a functional assessment of three maximal coughs. The secondary outcomes

Effect of ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks of the abdominal wall on pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of an ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) and rectus sheath block (RSB) combination, an ultrasound-guided posterior TAP block combined with the local anesthetic infiltration (LAI) and LAI alone on pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Patients and methods: One hundred eighty (...) patients who were American Society of Anesthesiologists class Ι or Π were included in this randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority study. All patients underwent three-port LC and were divided into 3 groups. The LAI group had ropivacaine mixed with dexmedetomidine injected around the trocar entrance site preoperatively. The TL group underwent ultrasound-guided posterior TAPB combined with LAI, and the TR group underwent ultrasound-guided TAPB combined with RSB. Postoperative pain was evaluated

Intradermal mesotherapy versus systemic therapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain: A prospective randomized study Acute musculoskeletal injuries are one of the most common painful presentation when admission to the emergency department. The aim of the study is to compare the tenoxicam mesotherapy with intravenous dexketoprofen in pain control in patients with acute musculoskeletal injury.This parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted with the patients admitted to the emergency (...) department with musculoskeletal injury. Intravenous dexketoprofen was administered to the control group, and mesotherapy treatment was performed to the other group. Differences between 10th, 30th, 60th and 120th minutes VAS scores and on the admission VAS score, clinically meaningful change in pain intensity, and adverse effect of the procedures were compared among groups.The differences in VAS scores and the presence of clinically meaningful change in pain intensity were statistically significantly

Comparing intranasal ketamine with intravenous fentanyl in reducing pain in patients with renal colic: A double-blind randomized clinical trial Kidney stones are a fairly common problem that manifests itself as symptoms of acute abdominal and flank pains in patients presenting to emergency departments.The present study was conducted to compare the analgesic effect of intravenous fentanyl with that of intranasal ketamine in renal colic patients.One mg/kg of intranasal ketamine was administered (...) in the first group, and one μg/kg of intravenous fentanyl in the second group. The pain severity was measured in the patients in terms of a visual analogue scale (VAS) score at the beginning of the study and at minutes 5, 15 and 30, and the medication side-effects were evaluated and recorded.A total of 130 patients were ultimately assessed in two groups of 65. In the ketamine group, the mean severity of pain was 8.72 ± 1.52 at the beginning of the study (P < 0.001), 5.5 ± 2.97 at minute 5 (P < 0.001

Investigation of the effect of the virtual reality application on experimental pain severity in healthy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of virtual reality application on experimental ischemic pain created with a blood pressure instrument in healthy volunteers.The research sample consisted of 172 volunteer adult students who conformed to the inclusion criteria. These individuals were assigned into an experimental (n=86) and a control group (n=86) by a simple randomization method. All (...) individuals in the experimental and control groups wereexperimentally subjected to pain for two minutes by applying 260 mmHg of pressure 3-4 cm above the antecubital region of the left arm with an aneroid adult-type blood pressure instrument. During the procedure, the volunteers in the experimental group watched virtual reality images, while those in the control group received no intervention. Immediately after the procedure, the pain levels of the individuals in both groups were assessed with a Visual